La aproximación humanística en Geografía
Palabras clave:
Paradigma, Humanismo, Geografía, Pensamiento GeográficoResumen
El propósito de la contribución es la sistematización del modelo humanístico de pensamiento geográfico. Ello incluye discutir el problema lingüístico entre humanista y humanístico como expresiones de humanismo; abordar de forma general los enfoques cualitativos y humanistas en geografía, implicando el punto de vista humanístico; concentrarse en la conformación del enfoque humanístico desarrollado por los geógrafos anglo-estadounidenses; mirar las conexiones con la fenomenología y el existencialismo; explorar en el significado humanístico de lugar, implicando una revisión de la noción de lugar en la tradición regional; indagar en las vinculaciones de geografía humanística con geografía cultural y, finalmente, examinar las conexiones entre geografía humanística y geografía ambiental.
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AGNEW, J. Place and Politics: The Geographical Mediation of State and Society. London: Allen and Unwin,1987.
BARNES, T. J. Retheorizing economic geography from the quantitative revolution to the cultural turn. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 2001, n°91/3, p. 546- 566.
BARNES, T. and DUNCAN, J. (eds). Writing worlds: discourse, text and metaphor in the representation of landscape. London and New York: Routledge, 1992.
BLACK, D.W., KUNZE, D. and PICKLES, J. Commonplaces: essays on the nature of place. New York: University Press of America, 1989.
BRUNHES, J. La geographie humaine. Paris: Armand Colin, 1910.
BUNGE, W. Theoretical Geography. Lund: Lund Studies in Geography, nº 1, 1966.
BURTON, IAN. The quantitative revolution and theoretical geography. The Canadian Geographer, 1963, n° 7, p.151-162.
BUTTIMER, A. Values in Geography. Washington: Association of American Geographers, Resource Paper no. 24, 1974.
BUTTIMER, A. Reason, rationality and human creativity. Geografiska Annaler, 1979, n° 61B, p. 43-49.
CHOUINARD, V. y FINCHER, R. A critique of Structural Marxism and human geography. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 1983, n° 73, p. 137-146.
CHRISTENSEN, K. Geography as a human science: a philosophical critique of the positivisthumanist split. In P. GOULD and G. OLSSON (eds). A search for common ground. London: Pion, 1982, p. 37-57.
CLOKE, P., PHILO, C. and SADLER, D. Approaching human geography: an introduction to contemporary theoretical debates. London: Paul Chapman; New York: Guilford Press, 1991.
COSGROVE, D. Historical considerations on humanism, historical materialism and geography. In A. KOBAYASHI and S. MACKENZIE (eds). Rethinking Human Geography. London: Unwin Hyman, 1989.
COWIE, A.P. Oxford Advanced Learner's Dicctionary of Current English. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989.
CUYÁS, A. Nuevo Diccionario Cuyás Inglés- Español y Español-Inglés de APPLETON, corregido y aumentado Lewis E.Brett y Helen S. Eaton, colab.Walter Beveraggi-Allende, 5ª ed. Rev.
Catherine B.Avery. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc. Englewood Cliffs, 1972.
DANIELS, S. Arguments for a humanistic geography. In R.J. Johnston (eds). The future of geography. London: Methuen, 1985, p. 143-158.
DEMERITT, D. The nature of metaphors in cultural geography and environmental history. Progress in Human Geography, 1994, n°18, p. 163-185.
DUNCAN, J. The superorganic in American cultural geography. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 1980, n° 70: p. 181-98.
DUNCAN, J. and LEY, D. Structural Marxism and human geography. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 1982, n°72, p. 30- 59.
DUNCAN, J. and DUNCAN, N. Ideology and bliss: Roland Barthes and the secret histories of landscape. In T. Barnes and J. Duncan (eds). Writing worlds: discourse, text and metaphor in the representation of landscape. London: Routledge. 1992.
DUNCAN, J. and LEY, D. (eds). Place/culture/ representation. London and New York: Routledge, 1993.
ENTRIKIN, J.N. Contemporary humanism in geography. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 1976, n°.66, p. 615-632.
ENTRIKIN, J.N. The Betweenness of Place: Toward a Geography of Modernity. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1991.
FOOTE, K., HUGILL, P., MATHEWSON, K. and SMITH, J. (eds). Re-reading cultural geography. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1994.
GANGAS GEISSE, M. La evolución de la geografía chilena durante el siglo XX. Contextos, tendencias y autores. Barcelona: Tesis Doctoral, Facultad de Geografía e Historia, Universidad de Barcelona, 1985.
GRAN SOPENA. Diccionario Ilustrado de la Lengua Española. Prólogo de Alonso Zamora Vicente, de la Real Academia Española. Barcelona: Editorial Ramón Sopena, 1980.
GREGORY, D. Human agency and human geography. Transactions, Institute of British Geographers NS, 1981, n° 6, p. 1-16.
GREGORY, D. Geographical imaginations. Cambridge, MA and Oxford: Blackwell, 1994.
HAGGETT, P. Locational Analysis in HumanGeography. Trad. Cast.: Análisis Locacional en la Geografía Humana, Barcelona: Editorial Gustavo Gili, 1975.
HARRIS, R.C. The historical mind and the practice of geography. In D. Ley and M. Samuels (eds). Humanistic Geography: prospects and problems. London: Croom Helm, 1978, p 123- 137
HARRIS, C. The resettlement of British Columbia: essays on colonialism and geographicalchange. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press, 1996.
HEIDEGGER, M. Being and time. New York: Harper and Row, 1962.
JACKSON, P. and SMITH, S.J. Exploring social geography. London and Boston: Allen & Unwin, 1984.
JOHNSTON, R.L. Geography and Geographers. Anglo-American Human. Geography since 1945. London: Edward Arnold, 1979.
JOHNSTON, R.J. Philosophy and Human Geography. An Introduction to Contemporary Approaches. London: Edward Arnold, 1983.
JOHNSTON R.J. A Question of Place: Exploring the Practice of Human Geography. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers, 1991.
JOHNSTON, R.J.; GREGORY, D.; PRATT,
G. and WATTS, M. The Dictionary of Human
Geography. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers, 2000.
KANT, I. Über Pädagogik. Herausgegeben von (Publicado por) D. Friedrich Theodor Rink. Königsberg: Friedrich Nicolovius, 1803.
KOBAYASHI, A. and MACKENZIE, S. (eds).Remaking Human Geography. London: Allen & Unwin, 1989.
LATOUR, B. We Have Never Been Modern. New York and London: Harvester Wheatsheaf, 1993.
LEWIS, M. and WIGEN, K. The Myth of Continents: A Critique of Metageography. Berkeley and London: University of California Press, 1997.
LEY, D. y SAMUELS, M (eds). Humanistic Geography: Problems and Prospects. London: Croom Helm Ltd, 1978.
LEY, D. Behavioural geography and the philosophies of meaning. In K. Cox and R. Golledge (eds). Behavioral problems in geography revisited. London: Methuen, 1981, p. 209-230.
LEY, D. Fragmentation, coherence and the limits to theory in human geography. In A. Kobayashi and S. Mackenzie (eds). Remaking human geography. London: Allen and Unwin, 1989 p. 223-244.
LIVINGSTONE, D. The geographical tradition: episodes in the history of a contested enterprise. Oxford: Blackwell, 1993.
LONGMAN. Dictionary of Contemporary English. London: Longman Group Limited, 1978.
LOWENTHAL, D. Geography, experience, and imagination: towards a geographical epistemology. Annals of Association of American Geographers, 1961, n°51, p. 241-260.
MASSEY, D. A global sense of place. In T. Barnes and D. Gregory (eds). Reading human geography: the poetics and politics of inquiry. London: Arnold, 1997a, p. 315- 323.
MASSEY, D. The political place of locality studies. In L. McDowell (ed). Undoing place? A geographical reader. London: Arnold, 1997b., p. 317-331.
MASSEY, D. and ALLEN, J. (eds). Geography matters! A reader. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1984.
MAYHEW, S. A Dictionary of Geography. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1992.
MEINIG, D. (ed). The interpretation of ordinary landscapes: Geographicals Essays. New York: Oxford University Press, 1979.
MEINIG, D. Geography as an art. Transactions, Institute of British Geographers NS, nº8, 1983, p. 314-28.
OXFORD. Advanced Learner's Dictionary. Oxford: Oxfor University Press, 1989.
PEET, R. Modern Geographic Thought. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers, 1998.
PILE, S. Practising interpretative geography. Transactions, Institute of British Geographers NS, nº16, 1991, p. 458-469.
PILE, S. The Body and the City: Psychoanalysis, Space and Subjectivity. London and New York: Routledge, 1996.
PILE, S. and THRIFT, N.J. (eds). Mapping the Subject: Geographies of Cultural Transformation. London and New York: Routledge, 1995.
POCOCK, D., (ed.) Humanistic Geography and Lliterature: Essays on the Experience of Place. London: Croom Helm, 1981.
PRED, A. Place as historically contingent process: structuration and the time geography of becoming places". Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 1984, n°74/2, p. 279- 297.
RATZEL, F. Anthropogeographie. Vol I, Grundzüge der Anwendung der Erdkunde auf die Geschichte. Vol II, Die geographische Verbreitung des Menschen. Stuttgart: J. Engelhorn, 1882,1891.
RELPH, E. Place and Placelessness. London: Pion, 1976.
RELPH, E. Rational landscapes and humanistic geography. London: Croom Helm, 1981.
ROBERTS, N. The Holocene: An Environmental History. Oxford: Blackwell, 1998.
ROSE, G. Feminism and Geography: The limits of Geographical Knowledge. Cambridge: Polity Press,1993.
SANTIS, H. La naturaleza del espacio político. Revista de Geografía Norte Grande, 1989, n°16, p. 87-95.
SANTIS, H.; GANGAS, M. Notas de Geografía Regional. Santiago: Instituto de Geografía / Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 1971. SCHAEFER, F.K. Exceptionalism in Geography: A methodological examination. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 1953, n°43, p.226-249.
SIMMONS, I.G. Changing the Face of the Earth: Culture, Environment, History. Oxford: Blackwell, 1989.
SMITH, S. Practicing humanistic geography. Annals of the Association of American Geographers , 1984, n°74, p. 353-374.
SOJA, E. Thirdspace: Journeys to Los Angeles and Other Real-and-Imagined places. Cambridge: Blackwell, 1996.
URABAYEN GUINDO, L. La tierra humanizada. Madrid: Espasa-Calpe, 1949.
VIDAL DE LA BLACHE, P. Tableau de la Geographie de la France. París: Librarie de Juls Tallandier, 1903.
VIDAL DE LA BLACHE, P. Principes de géographie humaine. Paris: Armand Colin, 1921.
THOMPSON, E.P. Agenda para una historia radical. Barcelona: Crítica, 2001.
TUAN, Y.F. Topophilia: A Study of Environmental Perception, Attitudes, and Values. New York: Englewood Cliffs, Prentice -Hall, 1974.
TUAN, Y.F. Humanistic Geography. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 1976, n° 66, p. 266-276.
TUAN, Y.F. Space and place. London: Edward Arnold, 1977.
WESTERN, J. Outcast Cape Town. London: Allen & Unwin, 1981.
BARNES, T. J. Retheorizing economic geography from the quantitative revolution to the cultural turn. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 2001, n°91/3, p. 546- 566.
BARNES, T. and DUNCAN, J. (eds). Writing worlds: discourse, text and metaphor in the representation of landscape. London and New York: Routledge, 1992.
BLACK, D.W., KUNZE, D. and PICKLES, J. Commonplaces: essays on the nature of place. New York: University Press of America, 1989.
BRUNHES, J. La geographie humaine. Paris: Armand Colin, 1910.
BUNGE, W. Theoretical Geography. Lund: Lund Studies in Geography, nº 1, 1966.
BURTON, IAN. The quantitative revolution and theoretical geography. The Canadian Geographer, 1963, n° 7, p.151-162.
BUTTIMER, A. Values in Geography. Washington: Association of American Geographers, Resource Paper no. 24, 1974.
BUTTIMER, A. Reason, rationality and human creativity. Geografiska Annaler, 1979, n° 61B, p. 43-49.
CHOUINARD, V. y FINCHER, R. A critique of Structural Marxism and human geography. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 1983, n° 73, p. 137-146.
CHRISTENSEN, K. Geography as a human science: a philosophical critique of the positivisthumanist split. In P. GOULD and G. OLSSON (eds). A search for common ground. London: Pion, 1982, p. 37-57.
CLOKE, P., PHILO, C. and SADLER, D. Approaching human geography: an introduction to contemporary theoretical debates. London: Paul Chapman; New York: Guilford Press, 1991.
COSGROVE, D. Historical considerations on humanism, historical materialism and geography. In A. KOBAYASHI and S. MACKENZIE (eds). Rethinking Human Geography. London: Unwin Hyman, 1989.
COWIE, A.P. Oxford Advanced Learner's Dicctionary of Current English. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989.
CUYÁS, A. Nuevo Diccionario Cuyás Inglés- Español y Español-Inglés de APPLETON, corregido y aumentado Lewis E.Brett y Helen S. Eaton, colab.Walter Beveraggi-Allende, 5ª ed. Rev.
Catherine B.Avery. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc. Englewood Cliffs, 1972.
DANIELS, S. Arguments for a humanistic geography. In R.J. Johnston (eds). The future of geography. London: Methuen, 1985, p. 143-158.
DEMERITT, D. The nature of metaphors in cultural geography and environmental history. Progress in Human Geography, 1994, n°18, p. 163-185.
DUNCAN, J. The superorganic in American cultural geography. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 1980, n° 70: p. 181-98.
DUNCAN, J. and LEY, D. Structural Marxism and human geography. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 1982, n°72, p. 30- 59.
DUNCAN, J. and DUNCAN, N. Ideology and bliss: Roland Barthes and the secret histories of landscape. In T. Barnes and J. Duncan (eds). Writing worlds: discourse, text and metaphor in the representation of landscape. London: Routledge. 1992.
DUNCAN, J. and LEY, D. (eds). Place/culture/ representation. London and New York: Routledge, 1993.
ENTRIKIN, J.N. Contemporary humanism in geography. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 1976, n°.66, p. 615-632.
ENTRIKIN, J.N. The Betweenness of Place: Toward a Geography of Modernity. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1991.
FOOTE, K., HUGILL, P., MATHEWSON, K. and SMITH, J. (eds). Re-reading cultural geography. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1994.
GANGAS GEISSE, M. La evolución de la geografía chilena durante el siglo XX. Contextos, tendencias y autores. Barcelona: Tesis Doctoral, Facultad de Geografía e Historia, Universidad de Barcelona, 1985.
GRAN SOPENA. Diccionario Ilustrado de la Lengua Española. Prólogo de Alonso Zamora Vicente, de la Real Academia Española. Barcelona: Editorial Ramón Sopena, 1980.
GREGORY, D. Human agency and human geography. Transactions, Institute of British Geographers NS, 1981, n° 6, p. 1-16.
GREGORY, D. Geographical imaginations. Cambridge, MA and Oxford: Blackwell, 1994.
HAGGETT, P. Locational Analysis in HumanGeography. Trad. Cast.: Análisis Locacional en la Geografía Humana, Barcelona: Editorial Gustavo Gili, 1975.
HARRIS, R.C. The historical mind and the practice of geography. In D. Ley and M. Samuels (eds). Humanistic Geography: prospects and problems. London: Croom Helm, 1978, p 123- 137
HARRIS, C. The resettlement of British Columbia: essays on colonialism and geographicalchange. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press, 1996.
HEIDEGGER, M. Being and time. New York: Harper and Row, 1962.
JACKSON, P. and SMITH, S.J. Exploring social geography. London and Boston: Allen & Unwin, 1984.
JOHNSTON, R.L. Geography and Geographers. Anglo-American Human. Geography since 1945. London: Edward Arnold, 1979.
JOHNSTON, R.J. Philosophy and Human Geography. An Introduction to Contemporary Approaches. London: Edward Arnold, 1983.
JOHNSTON R.J. A Question of Place: Exploring the Practice of Human Geography. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers, 1991.
JOHNSTON, R.J.; GREGORY, D.; PRATT,
G. and WATTS, M. The Dictionary of Human
Geography. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers, 2000.
KANT, I. Über Pädagogik. Herausgegeben von (Publicado por) D. Friedrich Theodor Rink. Königsberg: Friedrich Nicolovius, 1803.
KOBAYASHI, A. and MACKENZIE, S. (eds).Remaking Human Geography. London: Allen & Unwin, 1989.
LATOUR, B. We Have Never Been Modern. New York and London: Harvester Wheatsheaf, 1993.
LEWIS, M. and WIGEN, K. The Myth of Continents: A Critique of Metageography. Berkeley and London: University of California Press, 1997.
LEY, D. y SAMUELS, M (eds). Humanistic Geography: Problems and Prospects. London: Croom Helm Ltd, 1978.
LEY, D. Behavioural geography and the philosophies of meaning. In K. Cox and R. Golledge (eds). Behavioral problems in geography revisited. London: Methuen, 1981, p. 209-230.
LEY, D. Fragmentation, coherence and the limits to theory in human geography. In A. Kobayashi and S. Mackenzie (eds). Remaking human geography. London: Allen and Unwin, 1989 p. 223-244.
LIVINGSTONE, D. The geographical tradition: episodes in the history of a contested enterprise. Oxford: Blackwell, 1993.
LONGMAN. Dictionary of Contemporary English. London: Longman Group Limited, 1978.
LOWENTHAL, D. Geography, experience, and imagination: towards a geographical epistemology. Annals of Association of American Geographers, 1961, n°51, p. 241-260.
MASSEY, D. A global sense of place. In T. Barnes and D. Gregory (eds). Reading human geography: the poetics and politics of inquiry. London: Arnold, 1997a, p. 315- 323.
MASSEY, D. The political place of locality studies. In L. McDowell (ed). Undoing place? A geographical reader. London: Arnold, 1997b., p. 317-331.
MASSEY, D. and ALLEN, J. (eds). Geography matters! A reader. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1984.
MAYHEW, S. A Dictionary of Geography. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1992.
MEINIG, D. (ed). The interpretation of ordinary landscapes: Geographicals Essays. New York: Oxford University Press, 1979.
MEINIG, D. Geography as an art. Transactions, Institute of British Geographers NS, nº8, 1983, p. 314-28.
OXFORD. Advanced Learner's Dictionary. Oxford: Oxfor University Press, 1989.
PEET, R. Modern Geographic Thought. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers, 1998.
PILE, S. Practising interpretative geography. Transactions, Institute of British Geographers NS, nº16, 1991, p. 458-469.
PILE, S. The Body and the City: Psychoanalysis, Space and Subjectivity. London and New York: Routledge, 1996.
PILE, S. and THRIFT, N.J. (eds). Mapping the Subject: Geographies of Cultural Transformation. London and New York: Routledge, 1995.
POCOCK, D., (ed.) Humanistic Geography and Lliterature: Essays on the Experience of Place. London: Croom Helm, 1981.
PRED, A. Place as historically contingent process: structuration and the time geography of becoming places". Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 1984, n°74/2, p. 279- 297.
RATZEL, F. Anthropogeographie. Vol I, Grundzüge der Anwendung der Erdkunde auf die Geschichte. Vol II, Die geographische Verbreitung des Menschen. Stuttgart: J. Engelhorn, 1882,1891.
RELPH, E. Place and Placelessness. London: Pion, 1976.
RELPH, E. Rational landscapes and humanistic geography. London: Croom Helm, 1981.
ROBERTS, N. The Holocene: An Environmental History. Oxford: Blackwell, 1998.
ROSE, G. Feminism and Geography: The limits of Geographical Knowledge. Cambridge: Polity Press,1993.
SANTIS, H. La naturaleza del espacio político. Revista de Geografía Norte Grande, 1989, n°16, p. 87-95.
SANTIS, H.; GANGAS, M. Notas de Geografía Regional. Santiago: Instituto de Geografía / Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 1971. SCHAEFER, F.K. Exceptionalism in Geography: A methodological examination. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 1953, n°43, p.226-249.
SIMMONS, I.G. Changing the Face of the Earth: Culture, Environment, History. Oxford: Blackwell, 1989.
SMITH, S. Practicing humanistic geography. Annals of the Association of American Geographers , 1984, n°74, p. 353-374.
SOJA, E. Thirdspace: Journeys to Los Angeles and Other Real-and-Imagined places. Cambridge: Blackwell, 1996.
URABAYEN GUINDO, L. La tierra humanizada. Madrid: Espasa-Calpe, 1949.
VIDAL DE LA BLACHE, P. Tableau de la Geographie de la France. París: Librarie de Juls Tallandier, 1903.
VIDAL DE LA BLACHE, P. Principes de géographie humaine. Paris: Armand Colin, 1921.
THOMPSON, E.P. Agenda para una historia radical. Barcelona: Crítica, 2001.
TUAN, Y.F. Topophilia: A Study of Environmental Perception, Attitudes, and Values. New York: Englewood Cliffs, Prentice -Hall, 1974.
TUAN, Y.F. Humanistic Geography. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 1976, n° 66, p. 266-276.
TUAN, Y.F. Space and place. London: Edward Arnold, 1977.
WESTERN, J. Outcast Cape Town. London: Allen & Unwin, 1981.
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SANTIS ARENAS, H., & GANGAS GEISSE, M. (2021). La aproximación humanística en Geografía. Revista De Geografía Norte Grande, (31), 31–52. Recuperado a partir de https://revistanortegrande.uc.cl/index.php/RGNG/article/view/42971
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