Onomázein

The advent of the contested writer: The Carver- Lish controversy and its impact on the reception of the Spanish translations of What We Talk About When We Talk About Love and Beginners

Bruno Echauri Galván — Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000

In 1998, journalist D. T. Max unveiled the controversy between Raymond Carver and his editor Gordon Lish, showcasing the many modifications that the latter had introduced in Carver's pivotal piece What We Talk About When We Talk About Love (1981). The final proof of the extent of these changes arrived more than 20 years later with the publication of the original manuscripts in the volume Beginners (2009a). The fallout of this polemic casts doubts upon central aspects of Carver's career, such as the legitimacy of his early success or the author's true literary style. The main purpose of this paper is to gauge the impact of the controversy in the reception of the Spanish translations of both collections by analyz ing to what extent it has been reflected and what implications are underscored in various paratexts related to them. Said paratexts encompass three agents that are crucial in the circulation of any literary work: publishing companies, specialized press, and readers. Results show disparate acknowledgement of the controversy amongst the three sectors, along with several differences in the assessment of its weight on the significance of Raymond Carver's figure and literary trajectory.

Acoustic and statistical evidence of only one allophone of the sixth vowel in Mapudungun spoken in Alto Biobío

Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This study focuses on the mid-central vowel /ə/—also known as the “sixth vowel”—in Mapudungun, the largest Amerindian language spoken in Chile. Although most studies agree that Mapudungun has six phonemic vowels and that the sixth vowel has two allophones, [ɯ] and [ə], there is no consensus regarding which variables are better at explaining the sixth vowel's variability, how to represent the underlying unit, or even whether the existence of both [ɯ] and [ə] are justified. To investigate this, several exploratory and inferential statistical approaches were used to analyse normalised F1, F2 and F3 values from 791 tokens of the sixth vowel, in order to determine: (a) whether there is evidence of [ɯ] and [ə] in the data; (b) if the linguistic variables stress, position of vowel in a word, and phonetic context have an effect on the acoustic values of the sixth vowel, and (c) the degree of overlap of this vowel with other phonological categories. The results showed that, contrary to expectations, there is not sufficient evidence to justify the existence of [ɯ], which suggests that the underlying unit is /ə/, that only the variability of F2 can be explained, in part, as due to the effect of linguistic variables, and that /ə/ overlaps mainly with the vowel space of /e/. These results are discussed in the light of internal and external factors of linguistic sound change, after which we suggest that this variety of Mapudungun might be experiencing the initial stages of merger by approximation, most likely due to external factors related to the interaction with a dominant language, in this case Spanish.

Subject pronoun expression in Spanish in contact with Fang in Equatorial Guinea

Lillie Vivian Padilla — Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The present study examines subject pronoun expression (SPE) among Fang-Spanish speakers in Equatorial Guinea. The paper also examines whether the SPE of these speakers is in line with the predictions of the interface hypothesis (IH) (Sorace, 2011). The study consists of 24 sociolinguistic interviews, which were transcribed, coded, and analyzed using the mixed-effects software Rbrul. The overt pronoun rate derived from this study is 18.2 %, one of the lowest SPE rates ever recorded. The factors that condition SPE among Fang-Spanish speakers are similar to that of other Spanish varieties-grammatical person and number, ambiguity, reflexivity, the lexical effect of the verb, and reference. Moreover, the low ranking of reference is in line with the IH (Sorace, 2011) prediction of decreased sensitivity to reference among bilingual and second language speakers. The findings underscore the universality of linguistic predictors of SPE. The results also provide evidence that bilinguals decreased sensitivity to reference does not necessarily lead to an increase in overt subject pronouns. A decrease is also possible.

Quantification of ideology in simultaneous interpretation: a proposal

Elisabet García Oya — Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The study of ideology is common in written translation but is (almost) nonexistent in conference interpretation. In this article, we will apply the classification of ideological structures of Teun van Dijk to the analysis of original speeches in English and their interpretations in a real observational study: speeches of American leaders and their oral translation into Spanish, broadcast by different TV channels. This analysis will be the basis to quantify the transmission of ideology and to reflect on its possible causes and consequences.

Mapping out translation training: a metaanalysis of eighteen major translation and interpreting journals (2000-2020)

Alireza Akbari, Saeed Ketabi — Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Formal advanced training in translation necessitates establishing a career in an exceedingly competitive global industry. Conducting a systematic and comprehensive review of the research literature in the field of translation training can be beneficial for researchers and trainers. Thus, this article addresses research in translation training to analyze the findings of studies, covering a total of 1,088 published articles in major T&I journals from 2000 to 2020. Scientometric methods, as well as top-down and bottom-up thematic approaches, along with corpus analysis tools, were utilized to investigate the database. A multilayer (four-layer) classification system for the topics related to translation training was employed in the database. The research papers were generally categorized into four interrelated themes: translation teaching, translation evaluation/assessment, translation testing, and translation and technology. By employing a multilayer categorization scheme, the article presents the proportions of studies in each category and sub-category, including information on (co-)authorship, regions, institutions, journals, and languages. As a resource, the database distills top research for translation researchers, equipping them with the most up-to-date information on pedagogical practices, curriculum design, and the potential contributions of research.

Linguistic vitality of Chedungun in adolescents of the Alto Biobío district: a perspective from the community

Elizabeth Quintrileo Llancao — Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The Universal Declaration of Linguistic Rights (UDLL), adopted in 1998, predicts that during the 21st century 80 % of the world's languages may disappear, which would have a negative impact on the cultural richness represented by linguistic diversity and multilingualism. The indigenous languages of our country, the mapuche language particularly, is not free from this situation. Vergara and others (2013) indicate that the mapuche language is regressing, being progressively replaced by Spanish, which threatens to turn this original people into a monolingual community in the long term. Considering this endangered situation, the present study aims to contribute to the discussion regarding the vitality of indigenous languages, particularly Chedungun, contemplating the indigenous world view through a community-based methodology, which means Pewenche centered perspectives and the indigenous culture (Werito, 2020; Reyhner and Lee, 2020). Based on this methodology, the linguistic competence of the Chedungun of 95 % of the adolescents of Liceo de Ralco was evaluated, that is, 114 Pewenche students. The results of this evaluation not only suggest that it is necessary to analyze what is understood by a competent speaker of Chedungun from the perspective of culture, but also that 45.5 % of these young people maintain a high degree of vitality of their indigenous language.

Prioritizing the most challenging pragmatic principles in Persian dubbing

Zahra Salari, Ali Khazaee Farid, Shahla Sharifi — Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000

In the process of transferring source language elements to the target ones, the translator faces many challenges, one of which is the pragmatic aspect of the text. Some translators take only the vocabularies and grammatical structure of the texts into account, and neglect this hidden aspect of meaning. This is also the case in audiovisual translation. In fact, sometimes disregarding the hidden aspects of meaning in audiovisual translation leads to misunderstanding film's content and also losing its pleasure. Therefore, the current study aims to prioritize the most challenging pragmatic principles in Persian dubbing. To this end, four American films (Notting hill, The bucket list, The ultimate gift and Still Alice) were chosen, all of which had been dubbed into Persian. First, the most challenging pragmatic principles in Persian dubbing are identified. Then, the present study examines the frequencies and types of mismatches between the original and dubbed films in terms of these pragmatic principles. The kinds and frequencies of translation strategies which the translators applied to deal with these principles will be illustrated too. Finally, it sets a hierarchy in the most challenging pragmatic principles in Persian dubbing. It is concluded that there are mismatches between the original and dubbed versions in terms of these pragmatic principles, and the most challenging of them are implicatures, presuppositions and speech acts, respectively.

Effects of translation memory software on English-to-Spanish translation: evidence of normalisation in translations by undergraduate trainees

Eduardo Véliz-Ojeda — Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This article reports on a translation quasi-experiment aimed at looking at how the textual and grammatical features of non-translated English and Spanish scientific texts are represented in translations from English into Spanish when they are mediated by translation memory software. Senior undergraduate translation trainees from three different Chilean universities translated abstracts for research articles in conservation biology from English into Spanish in a translation memory environment. The translations were then contrasted against a corpus of non-translated texts of the same genre written in English and Spanish, in terms of syntactic dependency relations. The results suggest that student translators, regardless of the use of TM systems, would tend to ‘normalise’ translation, i.e. they would be overly concerned about conforming to target language norms to the extent of overusing grammatical features.

Translating scope of intention in purpose clauses from Arabic to English: a cognitive account

Ali Almanna — Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000

In this study, I seek to discuss the translation of the scope of intention to see how changing the scope of intention through translation may affect the mental image(s) conjured up in our minds. To this end, five collections of short stories translated to English by professional translators were examined by identifying the purpose clauses in the source text (ST) and target text (TT) to figure out how not giving full consideration to the scope of intention in purpose clauses may or may not twist the message to varying degrees, thus affecting the translation accuracy and/or adequacy.

Alessandro Ghignoli y María Gracia Torres Díaz (eds.): Estudios teatrales en traducción e interpretación

María Idania Calderón Carrasco — Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Paweł Szudarski: Collocations, corpora and language learning

Xiaoyi Yang, Yuan Ping — Tue, 31 Dec 2024 00:00:00 +0000