The effect of calcite and blast furnace slag on the rheology properties of self-compacting concrete in meso and macro scales
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7764/RDLC.20.1.190Keywords:
calcite, blast-furnace slag, plastic viscosity, meso and macro scale interaction, Bingham model, self-compacting concreteAbstract
In this study, the effects of blast furnace slag (BFS) and calcite on rheological properties of self-compacting concrete (SSC) in meso and macro scales were investigated. During the preparation of replicate samples, while BFS was replaced with the cement at the rate of 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% by weight, calcite was added to the cement at the rate of 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25% by weight. The rheological properties (plastic viscosity and yield point) and mini-slump flow values of the cement paste prepared in meso scales were determined. The fresh flow consistency of concrete prepared in macro-scale was tested with L-box flowing test. As a result, upon evaluating the rheological parameters of the pastes according to the Bingham model, while the pastes with a plastic viscosity value close to 1 Pa·s (±100 MPa·s) and a mini-slump flow rate higher than 200 mm were observed to be more resistant to segregation and form a homogeneous flow consistency, their L-box flowing rates were determined to be homogeneous and high. Ideal SSCs were made by adding 20% and 25% calcite to 30% BFS and 40% BFS replaced mixtures respectively in this study. It was also concluded that ideal SCC could be produced with paste mixtures having 1 Pa·s (±100 MPa·s) viscosity and mini-slump flow diameter higher than 200 mm. With the increase in calcite addition rates in SSCs, the passing rate for the L box test has increased.
Downloads
References
Akgüngör, A., Sevim, Ö., Kalkan, İ., Demir, İ., Restrained Shrinkage Cracking of Self-Consolidating Concrete Roads. Science and Engineering of Composite Materials, 25(5), 1021-1030, 2018.
Anjuna, S., Nivin, P. (2016). Influence of metakaolin and silica fume on rheologıcal and mechanical properties of self-compacting concrete. International Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, 5(6), 43–50.
Bombled, J. P. (1974). Rheologıe des mortıers et des betons fraıs-etude de la pate ınterstıtıelle e cıment. Cıments Betons Platres Chaux, (688).
Boukhelkhal, D., Boukendakdji, O., Kenai, S., & Bachene, S. (2015, May). Effect of mineral admixture type on stability and rheological properties of self-compacting concrete. In Rencontres Universitaires de Génie Civil.
Caufin, B., & Papo, A. (1984). Rheological behaviour of cement pastes. ZKG International Cement-Lime-Gypsum, Edition B, 37(12), 656-661.
Concha, Nolan C., & Melito A. Baccay. (2020). Effects of Mineral and Chemical Admixtures on the Rheological Properties of Self Compacting Concrete. International Journal of Geomate 18(66), 24–29.
Demir, I., Güzelkücük, S., Sevim, Ö. (2018a). Effects of sulfate on cement mortar with hybrid pozzolan substitution. Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal, 21(3), 275-283.
Demir, İ., Sevim, Ö. (2017). Effect of sulfate on cement mortars containing Li2SO4, LiNO3, Li2CO3 and LiBr. Construction and Building Materials, 156, 46-55.
Demir, İ., Sevim, Ö., Kalkan, İ. (2018b). Microstructural properties of lithium-added cement mortars subjected to alkali–silica reactions. Sādhanā, 43(7), 1-10.
Demir, İ., Sevim, Ö., Tekin, E. (2018c). The effects of shrinkage-reducing admixtures used in self-compacting concrete on its strength and durability. Construction and building materials, 172, 153-165.
Demir, I., Sivrikaya, B., Sevim, O., Baran, M. (2020). A study on ASR mitigation by optimized particle size distribution. Construction and Building Materials, 261, 120492.
EFNARC (2005). European Guidelines for Self-Compacting Concrete, Specification and Production and Use. Recommendation of European Federation of Producers and Contractors of Specialist Products for Structures. Norfolk, UK.
Feys, D., Verhoeven, R., & De Schutter, G. (2007a). Evaluation of time independent rheological models applicable to fresh self-compacting concrete. Applied rheology, 17(5), 56244-1.
Feys, D., Verhoeven, R., & De Schutter, G. (2007b). Steady-state rheological properties of fresh Self Compacting Concrete and their evolution in time. In Annual Transactions the Nordic Rheology Society-Nordic Rheology Conference, 15, (pp. 35-41).
Feys, D., Verhoeven, R., & De Schutter, G. (2008). Fresh self compacting concrete, a shear thickening material. Cement and Concrete Research, 38(7), 920-929.
Gökçe, M. (2013). Investigation of the interaction of paste phase with chemical admixtures in self-consolidating concrete. Ph.D. Thesis, Gazi University Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences. pp. 2.
Gökçe, M, Levent K.Y. & Çankayalı A. (2010). Investigating the use chemical additives in buildings in terms of sustainability. International Sustainable Buildings Symposium, Ankara. pp. 94-97.
Gökçe, M. (2020). Determining the physical properties of polymer in different admixtures used for self-compacting cement paste by ESEM. Micron, 139, 102953. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micron.2020.102953.
Gowda, M.R., Naveen, K.S.M., & Laxmisagar, H.K. (2020). Development of Self Compacting Concrete using Silica Fume. International Journal for Scientific Research and Development, 4(11), 36-38.
Guzelkucuk, S., Demir, İ., Sevim, O., & Kalkan, I. (2020). Mechanical properties and microstructure of cement multicomponent systems containing pozzolan materials under sulfate attack, Cement Wapno Beton, 25(2), 137-153.
Hočevar, A., Kavčič, F., & Bokan-Bosiljkov, V. (2013). Rheological parameters of fresh concrete - Comparison of rheometers. Gradjevinar, 65(2), 99–109.
Khayat, K. H., & Yahia, A. (1997). Effect of welan gum-high-range water reducer combinations on rheology of cement grout. Materials Journal, 94(5), 365-372.
Kordts, S., & Breit, W. (2003). Controlling the workability properties of self-compacting concrete used as ready-mixed concrete. 3rd Int. Symposium on Self-Compacting Concrete, Reykjavik, Iceland, pp. 17-20.
Ling, G., Shui, Z., Sun, T., Gao, X., Wang, Y., & Sun, Y. (2018). Rheological behavior and microstructure characteristics of SCC incorporating metakaolin and silica fume. Materials, 11(12), 2576.
Mohammed, B. S., Awang, A. B., San Wong, S., & Nhavene, C. P. (2016). Properties of nano silica modified rubbercrete. Journal of Cleaner Production, 119, 66-75.
Özkul, H., & Sağlam, A.R. (2002). Effect of super plasticizer and mineral admixtures on rheological properties of concrete. TUBİTAK Project No: İntag-655. pp. 169-170.
Petit, J. Y., Wirquin, E., Vanhove, Y., & Khayat, K. (2007). Yield stress and viscosity equations for mortars and self-consolidating concrete. Cement and concrete research, 37(5), 655-670.
Schwartzentruber, L. A., Le Roy, R., & Cordin, J. (2006). Rheological behaviour of fresh cement pastes formulated from a Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC). Cement and Concrete Research, 36(7), 1203-1213.
Sevim, O., & Sengul, C.G. (2021). Comparison of the Influence of Silica‐rich Supplementary Cementitious Materials on Cement Mortar Composites: Mechanical and Microstructural Assessment. Silicon, 2021, 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-021-01013-7
Souza, S.R., Barcelos, J.H., & Santos, W.J. (2018). Passing Ability Testing for Self-Compacting Concrete. International Journal of Science and Engineering Investigations, 7(78), 70-74.
Türkmen, İ. (2003). Influence of different curing conditions on the physical and mechanical properties of concretes with admixtures of silica fume and blast furnace slag. Materials Letters, 57(29), 4560-4569.
TS EN 197-1: Cement – Part 1 (2012). Composition, specification and conformity criteria for common cements. Turkish Standards Institution, Ankara.
TS EN 12350-8 (2019). Testing fresh concrete - Part 8: Self-compacting concrete - Slump-flow test. Turkish Standards Institution, Ankara.
TS EN 206:2013+A1. (2017). Concrete- Specification, performance, production and conformity. Turkish Standards Institution, Ankara.
Vanjare, M. B., & Mahure, S. H. (2012). Experimental investigation on self compacting concrete using glass powder. International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA), 2(3), 1488-1492.
Yılmaz, R. (2007). Flow and modeling of viscous materials. Master Thesis, Yıldız Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, İstanbul. pp.154-155.
