Mechanical performance of ETC RC beam with U-framed AFRP laminates under a static load condition
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7764/RDLC.21.3.678Keywords:
Aramid fiber reinforced polymer, kelvar 149, rehabilitation, hydraulic conductivity test, euphorbia tortilis cactus.Abstract
In the presented paper, an attempt has been made to first find the permeability of the Euphorbia tortilis cactus (ETC) concrete by the water permeability method and infiltration method. After that, the flexural strength of the ETC RC beam wrapped with AFRP kelvar 149 is carried out by a 2-point load test. This research aimed to develop a more durable, flexural, and sustainable beam under static load. Based on the state-of-the-art information available in the literature, 3-layer Kelvar 149 AFRP is considered as a laminate to solve the deflections of the ETC beam. In this project, RCC beams were strengthened by ETC and aramid FRP sheets. Novel results are obtained by different layers and patterns of Aramid FRP sheets. Based on the investigation 3-layers Kelvar 149 perform well than a normal concrete beam. As no result based on hydraulic conductivity and drying shrinkage of a beam with AFRP laminates are available in the literature, the obtained results are validated with the finite element method (ABAQUS) under static load conditions.
Downloads
References
Al-Jabri, K. S., Hisada, M., Al-Oraimi, S. K., & Al-Saidy, A. H. (2009). Copper slag as sand replacement for high performance concrete. Cement and Con-crete Composites, 31(7), 483–488. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2009.04.007
Benmokrane, B., Zhang, B., & Chennouf, A. (2000). Tensile properties and pullout behaviour of AFRP and CFRP rods for grouted anchor applications. Construction and Building Materials, 14(3), 157–170. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/S0950-0618(00)00017-9
Bezerra, U. T. (2016). Biopolymers with superplasticizer properties for concrete. In Biopolymers and Biotech Admixtures for Eco-Efficient Construction Materials (pp. 195–220). Elsevier. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-100214-8.00010-5
Cárdenas, A., Goycoolea, F. M., & Rinaudo, M. (2008). On the gelling behaviour of ‘nopal’ (Opuntia ficus indica) low methoxyl pectin. Carbohydrate Polymers, 73(2), 212–222. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2007.11.017
Chandra, S., Eklund, L., & Villarreal, R. R. (1998). Use of Cactus in Mortars and Concrete. Cement and Concrete Research, 28(1), 41–51. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(97)00254-8
Hanehara, S., & Yamada, K. (1999). Interaction between cement and chemical admixture from the point of cement hydration, absorption behaviour of admixture, and paste rheology. Cement and Concrete Research, 29(8), 1159–1165. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(99)00004-6
Hazarika, A., Hazarika, I., Gogoi, M., Bora, S. S., Borah, R. R., Goutam, P. J., & Saikia, N. (2018). Use of a plant based polymeric material as a low cost chemical admixture in cement mortar and concrete preparations. Journal of Building Engineering, 15, 194–202. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2017.11.017
Izaguirre, A., Lanas, J., & Álvarez, J. I. (2011). Efecto de un polímero natural biodegradable en las propiedades de morteros de cal en estado endurecido. Materiales de Construcción, 61(302), 257–274. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.3989/mc.2010.56009
Jensen, O. M., & Hansen, P. F. (2001). Water-entrained cement-based materials. Cement and Concrete Research, 31(4), 647–654. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(01)00463-X
Jonkers, H. M., Mors, R. M., Sierra-Beltran, M. G., & Wiktor, V. (2016). Biotech solutions for concrete repair with enhanced durability. In Biopolymers and Biotech Admixtures for Eco-Efficient Construction Materials (pp. 253–271). Elsevier. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-100214-8.00012-9
Jumadurdiyev, A., Hulusi Ozkul, M., Saglam, A. R., & Parlak, N. (2005). The utilization of beet molasses as a retarding and water-reducing admixture for concrete. Cement and Concrete Research, 35(5), 874–882. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2004.04.036
Kilic, I., & Gokce Gok, S. (2021). Strength and durability of roller compacted concrete with different types and addition rates of polypropylene fibers. Revista de La Construcción, 20(2), 205–214. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.7764/RDLC.20.2.205
Kizilkanat, A. B. (2016). Experimental Evaluation of Mechanical Properties and Fracture Behavior of Carbon Fiber Reinforced High Strength Concrete. Periodica Polytechnica Civil Engineering, 60(2), 289–296. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.3311/PPci.8509
Kong, X., Qi, X., Gu, Y., Lawan, I. A., & Qu, Y. (2018). Numerical evaluation of blast resistance of RC slab strengthened with AFRP. Construction and Building Materials, 178, 244–253. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.05.081
Krishnaraja, A. R., Anandakumar, S., Jegan, M., Mukesh, T. S., & Kumar, K. S. (2019). Study on impact of fiber hybridization in material properties of engineered cementitious composites. Matéria (Rio de Janeiro), 24(2). Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1590/s1517-707620190002.0662
Kyomugasho, C., Christiaens, S., Shpigelman, A., van Loey, A. M., & Hendrickx, M. E. (2015). FT-IR spectroscopy, a reliable method for routine analysis of the degree of methylesterification of pectin in different fruit- and vegetable-based matrices. Food Chemistry, 176, 82–90. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.12.033
Lasheras-Zubiate, M., Navarro-Blasco, I., Fernández, J. M., & Álvarez, J. I. (2012). Effect of the addition of chitosan ethers on the fresh state properties of cement mortars. Cement and Concrete Composites, 34(8), 964–973. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2012.04.010
Loganathan, P., Gracy, A. F. D., & Sharmila, S. M. R. (2022). An experimental investigation on corrosion impediment in R.C. slabs using anti-corrosive agents (p. 030001). Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0102996
Martínez-Barrera, G., Gencel, O., Reis, J. M. L. dos, & del Coz Díaz, J. J. (2017). Novel Technologies and Applications for Construction Materials 2016. Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, 2017, 1–2. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/9343051
Nayak, C. B. (2021). Experimental and numerical investigation on compressive and flexural behavior of structural steel tubular beams strengthened with AFRP composites. Journal of King Saud University - Engineering Sciences, 33(2), 88–94. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksues.2020.02.001
Peschard, A., Govin, A., Grosseau, P., Guilhot, B., & Guyonnet, R. (2004). Effect of polysaccharides on the hydration of cement paste at early ages. Ce-ment and Concrete Research, 34(11), 2153–2158. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2004.04.001
Peschard, A., Govin, A., Pourchez, J., Fredon, E., Bertrand, L., Maximilien, S., & Guilhot, B. (2006). Effect of polysaccharides on the hydration of cement suspension. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 26(8), 1439–1445. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2005.02.005
Poinot, T., Govin, A., & Grosseau, P. (2013). Impact of hydroxypropylguars on the early age hydration of Portland cement. Cement and Concrete Re-search, 44, 69–76. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2012.10.010
Pourchez, J., Govin, A., Grosseau, P., Guyonnet, R., Guilhot, B., & Ruot, B. (2006). Alkaline stability of cellulose ethers and impact of their degradation products on cement hydration. Cement and Concrete Research, 36(7), 1252–1256. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2006.03.028
Saafi, M., & Toutanji, H. (1998). Flexural capacity of prestressed concrete beams reinforced with aramid fiber reinforced polymer (AFRP) rectangular tendons. Construction and Building Materials, 12(5), 245–249. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/S0950-0618(98)00016-6
Sarfarazi, V., Ghazvinian, A., Schubert, W., Nejati, H. R., & Hadei, R. (2016). A New Approach for Measurement of Tensile Strength of Concrete. Peri-odica Polytechnica Civil Engineering, 60(2), 199–203. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.3311/PPci.8328
Shanmugasundaram, S., Mohanraj, R., Senthilkumar, S., & Padmapoorani, P. (2022). Torsional performance of reinforced concrete beam with carbon fiber and aramid fiber laminates. Revista de La Construcción, 21(2), 329–337. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.7764/RDLC.21.2.329
Shen, D., Wang, X., Cheng, D., Zhang, J., & Jiang, G. (2016). Effect of internal curing with super absorbent polymers on autogenous shrinkage of concrete at early age. Construction and Building Materials, 106, 512–522. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.12.115
Susilorini, Rr. M. I. R., Hardjasaputra, H., Tudjono, S., Hapsari, G., Wahyu, S. R., Hadikusumo, G., & Sucipto, J. (2014). The Advantage of Natural Poly-mer Modified Mortar with Seaweed: Green Construction Material Innovation for Sustainable Concrete. Procedia Engineering, 95, 419–425. Re-trieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2014.12.201
Togerö, Å. (2006). Leaching of Hazardous Substances from Additives and Admixtures in Concrete. Environmental Engineering Science, 23(1), 102–117. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1089/ees.2006.23.102
Toutanji, H., & Deng, Y. (2002). Strength and durability performance of concrete axially loaded members confined with AFRP composite sheets. Compo-sites Part B: Engineering, 33(4), 255–261. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-8368(02)00016-1
Wang, Y., & Wu, H. (2010). Experimental Investigation on Square High-Strength Concrete Short Columns Confined with AFRP Sheets. Journal of Com-posites for Construction, 14(3), 346–351. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000090
Wee, T. H., Suryavanshi, A. K., & Tin, S. S. (1999). Influence of aggregate fraction in the mix on the reliability of the rapid chloride permeability test. Cement and Concrete Composites, 21(1), 59–72. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/S0958-9465(98)00039-0
Wei, Y., Guo, W., & Zheng, X. (2016). Integrated shrinkage, relative humidity, strength development, and cracking potential of internally cured concrete exposed to different drying conditions. Drying Technology, 34(7), 741–752. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1080/07373937.2015.1072549
Wu, Y.-Y., Que, L., Cui, Z., & Lambert, P. (2019). Physical Properties of Concrete Containing Graphene Oxide Nanosheets. Materials, 12(10), 1707. Re-trieved from https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12101707
Yahyaei-Moayyed, M., & Taheri, F. (2011). Experimental and computational investigations into creep response of AFRP reinforced timber beams. Compo-site Structures, 93(2), 616–628. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2010.08.017
Yuvaraj, K., & Ramesh, S. (2021). Experimental investigation on strength properties of concrete incorporating ground pond ash. Cement Wapno Beton, 26, 253–262.
Zaharuddin, N. D., Noordin, M. I., & Kadivar, A. (2014). The Use of (Okra) Gum in Sustaining the Release of Propranolol Hydrochloride in a Solid Oral Dosage Form. BioMed Research International, 2014, 1–8. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/735891
Zhang, H., Li, H., Corbi, I., Corbi, O., Wu, G., Zhao, C., & Cao, T. (2018). AFRP Influence on Parallel Bamboo Strand Lumber Beams. Sensors, 18(9), 2854. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.3390/s18092854
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 P. Loganathan, R. Mohanraj, S. Senthilkumar, K. Yuvaraj
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
